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CORNEA TRANSPLANT     

Cornea transplants, also referred to as keratoplasty, consist of replacing all or part of the corneal tissue of the patient with a graft proceeding from a deceased donor. The cornea is one of the lenses of the eye, which is situated at the front, outer part of the same. It is in direct contact with the air, being protected by tear secretion and the eyelids.

Because of its situation, the cornea is vulnerable to direct injuries to the face and is also more exposed to inflammatory or infectious processes.

Its high optical quality and its extraordinary transparency must be conserved in order for eyesight not to be affected. Any opacity or deformation in it can give rise to shadows or aberrations which hinder or impede vision.

Cornea transplants are indicated in those cases in which the corneal patient’s corneal tissue has lost its transparency and does not permit correct vision. This is the case in inflammatory or infectious processes which cause scarring of the cornea or in degenerative diseases which alter its structure.           

 There are also other circumstances which may necessitate a cornea transplant, such as the presence of serious corneal deformations (the most frequent being keratoconus), injuries with structural loss, inflammation of corneal tissue which does not respond to treatment, etc.   

TREATMENT

The intention of this procedure is to replace the central part of the patient’s cornea with that of a donor. Eye banks are responsible for obtaining healthy corneas and distributing them to surgeons.

It is a fairly common operation and with very good results. The likelihood of rejection is less than with any other transplanted organ, since the cornea has no blood vessels.

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